economics Nature Is Weird

Banks are turning down loans to small businesses specifically to avoid getting too big for their own good.

April 14, 2026

Original Paper

Community Bank Lending Around Regulatory Thresholds

Kristian D. Allee, Jonathan Black, Ulf Mohrmann, Jan Riepe

SSRN · 6567120

The Takeaway

To avoid strict regulatory reporting, community banks intentionally stay under certain size thresholds. This perverse incentive causes them to abandon the low-income and minority households they were designed to serve, effectively capping the growth of their communities.

From the abstract

<p><span>This paper examines the consequences of community banks modifying their lending to avoid crossing asset size thresholds that trigger increases in reporting, audit, and governance requirements. Using a sample of 6,841 bank-quarter observations and over 761,000 loan-level records from 2012–2024, we document significant bunching of community banks just below these asset thresholds. Unlike large banks that adjust investment portfolios, community banks manage size by rejecting loans that are