Life Science Paradigm Challenge

We found a mathematical sign of a 'healthy' brain hiding inside people with Parkinson's—and it might be the key to helping them.

March 20, 2026

Original Paper

Emergent critical oscillations in motor cortex of Parkinson's patients

bioRxiv · 10.64898/2026.01.09.698590

The Takeaway

For years, neuroscientists believed that 'criticality'—a state of being perfectly balanced between order and chaos—was a hallmark of a healthy brain. This study found that the abnormal brain waves seen in Parkinson's also operate at this 'critical' point, proving that this 'ideal' state can actually represent a diseased brain.

From the abstract

The dynamical state of cortical neural activity constrains the complexity of functions it can perform. A marginally stable dynamical state - called criticality - is thought to be beneficial for brain functions that require multiple time scales, broad dynamic range, and large information storage and transmission. A growing body of evidence suggests that criticality is a feature of healthy brain dynamics, but breaks down in certain brain disorders. Here we ask whether Parkinson's disease incurs de