economics Paradigm Challenge

The story of Adam and Eve may have originated as a 'coded' political protest against military conquest.

March 31, 2026

Original Paper

The Adam and Eve Myth in its North Mesopotamian Context

Luke Lea

SSRN · 6227200

The Takeaway

Rather than a religious myth about morality, the author suggests the story was an oral allegory created by Neolithic populations to describe the trauma of being conquered. In this view, the 'fall' wasn't about fruit, but about how the invention of agriculture enabled the first large-scale armies to subjugate peaceful tribes.

From the abstract

Employing the term allegory in its original sense [see below], we conjecture that the Adam and Eve story was originally conceived as a political allegory about military conquest made possible by the invention of agriculture. Based on anthropological and archeological clues internal to the text itself, we conjecture that it began its life in the oral traditions of a subject population that found itself on the bottom of society somewhere in northern Mesopotamia near the end of the Neolithic period