A forgotten window in physics suggests that dark matter might be hiding where our existing sensors can already see it.
Axions are a leading candidate for dark matter, but many mass ranges have already been ruled out by supernova data. This re-evaluation shows that a specific mass range called the Turner window is actually still wide open. Existing sodium iodide detectors, which are already built for other experiments, are perfectly tuned to find these particles. We might not need to build a new multi-billion dollar machine to find the missing mass of the universe. This suggests the answer to dark matter could be sitting in data we are already collecting.
Revisiting Turner Window Axions: The Untapped Potential of NaI Dark Matter Detectors
arXiv · 2604.26004
The "Turner window" corresponds to axions with masses $\gtrsim$ 1 eV that have sufficiently strong couplings to matter to evade limits from the cooling of SN1987A. This window, through which the trajectories for the KSVZ and DFSZ QCD axions run, has been thought to be largely closed because of (1) the floor established by SN1987A cooling, (2) the absence of SN1987A-associated photons in the Kamioka II detector, and (3) the limit on neutrons produced by solar axions in the Sudbury Neutrino Observ